{"id":1064,"date":"2018-02-12T20:42:06","date_gmt":"2018-02-12T19:42:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/?p=1064"},"modified":"2018-02-12T20:46:19","modified_gmt":"2018-02-12T19:46:19","slug":"spinning-direction-part-3-historical-spinning-direction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/spinning-direction-part-3-historical-spinning-direction\/","title":{"rendered":"Spinning direction part 3: Historical spinning direction"},"content":{"rendered":"

So far in the series of spinning direction we have looked at the hand movements<\/a> and the physiology of spindle spinning<\/a>. We have also looked at the results of a spinning poll<\/a>. In this post, we will look back in time at how spun yarn has been used in textiles historically to find a clue to spinning habits today.<\/p>\n

Archaeological finds<\/h1>\n

When it comes to archaeological finds of spinning there are tons of metal, clay or stone spindle whorls to look at. But when it comes to organic materials like wood \u00a0and textile fibers, most of them have disintegrated through time. But there are still some finds.\u00a0With a quick Google search, it seems like most textile finds before medieval times were woven with a z\/clockwise spun warp and weft. From the medievals most finds were woven with clockwise warp and counter-clockwise weft (sources here<\/a>\u00a0and here<\/a>). In some of the sources there are also a connection between handedness and spinning direction (here<\/a> and here<\/a>). This is also confirmed by Maria Neijman, craft consultant in Stockholm and co-founder of Historical textiles<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"A
An archaeological textile find from Uppsala, Sweden around 1300\u20131490. The find can be seen at the Swedish history museum. Photo by Maria Neijman.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Looking at a textile find<\/h1>\n

Looking a bit closer at the featured photo (by Maria Neijman), we see that it is a twill weave with a z-spun warp and s-spun weft. The warp is quite tightly spun, with an angle at about 60\u201370\u00b0. The weft is looser, around 40\u201350\u00b0. The weft is also more unevenly spun with both thick and thin spots. For the weave to hold in the loom, the warp needs to be strong. The weft, on the other hand, can be more loosely spun.<\/p>\n

What can we derive from the textile history?<\/h1>\n

If spinning direction in the medievals has a connection to handedness, can it be the case that spinners (of whom around 80\u201390 % were and are righthanded) have spun most of the yarn clockwise (pulling) because it was more ergonomic for the spinner? The quality of the weft is not as important as the warp when it comes to strength. Is it possible that the counter-clockwise spun weft was looser and more unevenly spun because it was less natural for the righthanded spinner to spin counter-clockwise (pushing)?<\/p>\n

What about the lefties?<\/h1>\n

I am a leftie, and I know that many lefties have had to do things awkwardly. In the crafts lessons at school I wasn’t taught how to crochet since the teacher didn’t know how to teach me. Many leftie friends have had the same experience. With this background, one side of me is a bit annoyed at this biased righthanded history of spinning. But another, much bigger side of me is fascinated at how much we can learn about spinning from looking at textile finds. I am also grateful that I know more now about possible reasons for my spinning cramp and the fact that I can change hands or spinning directions.<\/p>\n

Is this true?<\/h1>\n

We do not know if any of this is true, we can only make more or less qualified guesswork. But somehow it seems logical, and it gives me a peace of mind to know that it may be true. Most commercial yarns today are z-spun and s-plied. Can this be a remnant from the spinning habits of medieval spindle spinners? This thought is thrilling and gives me goosebumps.<\/p>\n

This was the last post in this first blog post series. I hope you have enjoyed it!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

So far in the series of spinning direction we have looked at the hand movements and the physiology of spindle spinning. We have also looked at the results of a spinning poll. In this post, we will look back in time at how spun yarn has been used in textiles historically to find a clue … <\/p>\n

Continue reading “Spinning direction part 3: Historical spinning direction”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1091,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[77],"tags":[70,16,23],"class_list":["post-1064","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spinning-techniques","tag-spindle","tag-spinning","tag-weaving"],"yoast_head":"\nSpinning direction part 3: Historical spinning direction - Josefin Waltin spinner<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This is the third blog post in a series where I look at spinning direction in spindle spinning. 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The thought came up after I had had to switch hands due to a cramp in my left thumb base while learning to spin in-hand style. In this\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Spinning techniques"","block_context":{"text":"Spinning techniques","link":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/category\/spinning-techniques\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A hand distaff dressed with wool and a medieval style spindle.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Medieval.jpg?fit=567%2C640&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Medieval.jpg?fit=567%2C640&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Medieval.jpg?fit=567%2C640&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1146,"url":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wip-series-first-spindle-full\/","url_meta":{"origin":1064,"position":3},"title":"Wip series: First spindle full","author":"Josefin Waltin","date":"March 1, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Earlier, I wrote about my new spinning project. I am spinning a yarn counter-clockwise to be able to knit myself a pair of twined knitted mittens. One finished, three to go The current status is that\u00a0I have finished one spindle of s-spun singles, about 30 grams. According to the pattern\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Textile production"","block_context":{"text":"Textile production","link":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/category\/textile-production\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"A spindle full of grey yarn","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/V%C3%A4rmlandgr%C3%A53.jpg?fit=900%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/V%C3%A4rmlandgr%C3%A53.jpg?fit=900%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/V%C3%A4rmlandgr%C3%A53.jpg?fit=900%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/V%C3%A4rmlandgr%C3%A53.jpg?fit=900%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":137,"url":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/spinning-on-a-supported-spindle-step-by-step\/","url_meta":{"origin":1064,"position":4},"title":"Spinning on a supported spindle \u2013 step by step","author":"Josefin Waltin","date":"May 13, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"I thought I'd write something about\u00a0how I spin on a supported spindle. I learned a lot from Fleegle's book about supported spinning, I highly recommend it. Starting on an empty spindle An empty spindle shaft is quite slippery and it's not always easy to start spinning. I take my fiber,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Spinning techniques"","block_context":{"text":"Spinning techniques","link":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/category\/spinning-techniques\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2027,"url":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/spinning-on-a-viking-spindle\/","url_meta":{"origin":1064,"position":5},"title":"Spinning on a viking spindle","author":"Josefin Waltin","date":"April 20, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"The outdoor video recording season hasn't begun yet, it is still a bit too cold. But I do have some material left from last season. Today I give you a video I shot in the beginning of August: Spinning on a Viking spindle. https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=cqfbeo0NKiI Spinning on a Viking spindle How\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Spinning techniques"","block_context":{"text":"Spinning techniques","link":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/category\/spinning-techniques\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Josefin Waltin spinning on a Viking style spinning with a distaff","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Sk%C3%A4rmavbild-2019-04-17-kl.-17.03.50.png?fit=888%2C541&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Sk%C3%A4rmavbild-2019-04-17-kl.-17.03.50.png?fit=888%2C541&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Sk%C3%A4rmavbild-2019-04-17-kl.-17.03.50.png?fit=888%2C541&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Sk%C3%A4rmavbild-2019-04-17-kl.-17.03.50.png?fit=888%2C541&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1064","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1064"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1064\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1104,"href":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1064\/revisions\/1104"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1091"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1064"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1064"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/waltin.se\/josefinwaltinspinner\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1064"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}